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SENTENCES
AND THEIR CATEGORIES
The meaning of a
sentence is not seen as a sum of the meaning of the words that make up the
sentence. A sentence meaning is a unit of meaning that is carried by the whole
sentence. Based on their meanings, sentences can be classified into seven
categories as follows:
1. Analytic
Sentence.
Analytic sentences are sentences
that are necessarily true. They are true by definition, and are generally
self-explanatory. It tells us about logic and about language use in which the
meaning of the sentence is found to be true according to the facts.In
additional, they often have little to no informative value. Examples of
analytic sentences include:
o
Frozen water is ice.
o
Bachelors are unmarried men.
o
My mother is a female.
2.
Contradictory Sentence.
A
contradictory sentence is any sentences that are necessarily false. It means
that the meaning of the sentence is proved to be false according to the facts.
For examples:
Ø The
river is bigger than the sea.
Ø The
boy is pregnant.
Ø Water
is heavier than iron.
3.
Anomalous Sentence.
An
anomaly is a sentence that is either a contradiction or nonsense. Nonsense is a
sentence that follows grammatical rules but it notates the semantic rules. It
means that nonsense is grammatically true, but semantically wrong.Hurley (1996)
gives a sentence widely used by linguistics to illustrate:
MATERI SENTENCES AND THEIR CATEGORIES
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